He went on to capture Stirling Castle, and Scotland was, for a brief period, nearly free of occupying English forces. In October, Wallace invaded northern England and ravaged Northumberland and Cumberland counties, but his unconventionally brutal battle tactics he reportedly flayed a dead English soldier and kept his skin as a trophy only served to antagonize the English even more.
But three months later, Edward returned to England, and four months after that, in July, he invaded Scotland again. On July 22, Wallace's troops suffered defeat in the Battle of Falkirk, and as quickly as that, his military reputation was ruined and he resigned his guardianship.
He was briefly successful, but the French eventually turned against the Scots, and Scottish leaders capitulated to the English and recognized Edward as their king in He was taken to London and condemned as a traitor to the king and was hanged, disemboweled, beheaded and quartered. He was seen by the Scots as a martyr and as a symbol of the struggle for independence, and his efforts continued after his death.
We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Visit St Machar's Cathedral in Aberdeen, a place associated with the hero's gruesome end. In London in he was tried and sentenced to a traitor's death. Wallace was hung, drawn and quartered, and pieces of his body were sent to different parts of the country.
His arm is said to be buried within the walls of the church. Head to Robroyston in Glasgow to Wallace's Well , which is said to be where Wallace enjoyed his last drink as a free man before he was betrayed and captured by English soldiers at a nearby farmhouse in The Wallace Monument , a 20ft high granite Celtic Cross near Robroyston Road, was built in at the said nearby farmhouse to honour and commemorate Wallace for his bravery and dedication.
In the city centre, near the Necropolis, the Bell o'the Brae in the High Street recognises the Battle of the Bell o'the Brae when, in , Wallace rode from Ayr to Glasgow with horsemen to bravely defend the city against its English invaders. In , a new William Wallace monument which commemorates the battle was erected near the Necropolis, as it is close to the spot where Wallace took over Glasgow Castle after defeating an English garrison of 1, men.
Visit advice page. The estates of many of the struggling nation's prominent noblemen lay in Ayrshire - including not only the Bruces and the Stewards of Scotland, but the Lockharts, Boyds and Crawfords. There are many local legends about Wallace, their veracity difficult to determine after the passage of so much time.
However, myth does have its place in history and many folk tales, the common memory of a people, are based on facts. One of the earliest legends relates to an incident involving the young William Wallace in the spring of or thereabouts, at a site known as the Bickering Bush, by the confluence of the Kilmarnock Water with the River Irvine, near Riccarton and Caprington.
This is reputed to have been the site of one of his earliest altercations with the King's men, when he killed two members of a five-strong patrol who had demanded his catch of fish. The bush where he hid the bodies is reputed to have survived into the 19th century.
One possible site is where Riccarton Parish Church now stands, another is in the vicinity of the fire station in Campbell street and a third is about a quarter of a mile west of the present Caprington housing estate.
The former Blackcraig Castle at New Cumnock is said to be where Wallace spent part of the winter of , after agreeing a temporary truce with the enemy. Pursued by troops, Wallace is said to have made it to Galston and Lockhart's Tower rebuilt later in the middle ages and subsequently referred to as Barr Castle - a structure which still stands.
He later made his escape from the Tower by leaping from a window on to a nearby tree. Another legend associated with that location concerns a particular type of handball game played against one of the walls of the Tower, which Wallace ordered his men to play, in order to keep fit during a break in their action against the King's forces.
The game continued to be played by local people up until World War II. Two ideas relate to the birthplace of William Wallace's mother whose name, confusingly, appears as either Jean, Joan or Margaret Crawford, Craufurd, de Craufuird or Crawfoord. Some sources suggest that she may have come from Crosshouse, while others think that she was Margaret de Craufuird, who was born at the former Arclowdon Castle, near the later Loudoun Castle, Galston.
No heroic tale would be complete without a legendary cave associated with the hero's exploits, as witnessed by the number of Bruce's Caves and Bonnie Prince Charlie's Caves. So, legend has it that Wallace hid in Wallace's Cave, near the present site of Auchinleck House, which was the family home of the writer James Boswell.
To this day, the Galston coat of arms incorporates an armoured gauntlet clutching Bruce's heart. This page contains PDF files which may not be fully accessible. If you would like an accessible version please contact communications.
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