One problem is interactions, which may occur between Two drugs, such as aspirin and blood thinners Drugs and food, such as statins and grapefruit Drugs and supplements, such as ginkgo and blood thinners Drugs and diseases, such as aspirin and peptic ulcers Interactions can change the actions of one or both drugs. Start Here. Diagnosis and Tests. Related Issues. Aspirin Allergy: What Are the Symptoms?
Drug Eruption VisualDX. Videos and Tutorials. Don't Take This with That! Food and Drug Administration. Some effects are more likely than others. The PIL that comes with a drug or device will categorize effects according to their probability.
For example, research may have shown that a headache occurs in 1 in every 10 patients who use the drug according to the instructions. Heart palpitations may occur in 1 in every patients.
It is important to check the PIL on getting new drugs, to find out what effects may occur and how likely these are. The PIL will also advise on whether an effect is classed as an emergency or not. In the U. It offers an online source for patients to check for details of their medications. Side effects may occur as a result of a vaccine. The effects will depend on the type of vaccine.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC estimate that this occurs in 1 in every 1 million vaccines and that the reaction usually appears within a few minutes to a few hours after the vaccination.
The CDC suggest that if a person feels faint after having a vaccination, they should lie down and rest for 15 minutes. Some parents worry about long-term adverse effects of some vaccines, even if these have not been fully proven by research. However, serious and fatal diseases can result from not having a vaccination. Also, the fewer people have the vaccination, for example, against measles , the greater the threat to public health and the chance of an epidemic.
In an epidemic, those who have not been vaccinated will be most at risk. It is important for parents to weigh up the pros and cons of vaccinating or not vaccinating their children. Some cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy radiotherapy , or a combination, aim to destroy a tumor or reduce its size.
The treatment can cause fatigue , nausea, vomiting, hair loss , mouth sores, and a lower blood cell count. These are adverse effects. Radiation therapy kills unwanted cells, but it can also damage healthy cells, so adverse effects are common.
How severe they are and how long they last will depend on which part of the body is targeted, the radiation dose, and how quickly the damaged cells can recover. See your doctor or pharmacist for further information and advice.
All medicines can cause unwanted side effects. Skin rashes are a common reaction. But, it is not always easy to tell if the reaction is caused by the medicine or the illness. Interactions between other medicines the person may be taking is a further complication. Interactions can happen between prescription, over-the-counter and complementary medicines. Many people believe that they are safer because they come from natural sources. Some herbal remedies act on the body as powerfully as any conventional medicine, and unwanted side effects can occur.
Some examples of complementary medicines that can cause side effects include:. About one in 5 Australians take both complementary and prescription medicines. Active ingredients in these medicines can interact, increasing the risk of side effects. Some medicines have similar active ingredients, that may act in the same way. Other complementary medicines may make the prescription medicine more or less effective.
Drinking alcohol with some medicines can also cause unwanted and sometimes dangerous side effects. For example:. Remember that alcohol can stay in your system for several hours after your last drink, so it is important to be aware that interactions can occur long after you stop drinking. Talk to your doctor or other health professional for advice about your medication and drinking alcohol. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. Anthrax is a rare but potentially fatal bacterial disease that occasionally infects humans.
The Western obsession with cleanliness may be partly responsible for the increase in allergic asthma and conditions such as rhinitis. Careful prescribing of antibiotics will minimise the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria.
Antioxidants scavenge free radicals from the body's cells, and prevent or reduce the damage caused by oxidation. Antipsychotic medications work by altering brain chemistry to help reduce psychotic symptoms like hallucinations, delusions and disordered thinking.
Persons with a spinal cord injury are at risk of developing many secondary complications during their lives. Those include problems with the respiratory, cardiovascular and excretory systems bladder and bowel as well as spasticity, osteoporosis, pain and pressure ulcers.
Considering the possibility of drug interactions, people with a spinal cord injury are much more likely to face the issue of side effects. Alternative and herbal medications Many patients and even some physicians wrongly assume that herbal medicines are harmless since they do not come with a drug label that contains a long list of potential side effects.
In fact, many such products, including aloe vera, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, garlic and green tea, can interact with conventional cardiovascular drugs and lead to serious adverse reactions. For many reasons, patients tend not to disclose to their doctors if they are taking herbal remedies, including fear that their doctors will not approve or that they will be told to stop them.
This is the reason why it is important to disclose as much information as possible while setting up any medical treatment. One size does not fit all An astonishing aspect of medications is that their effects vary greatly from person to person. This is true for the desired effect for example as painkiller but mostly for the side effects. One person may have little to no side effects, while another may have severe or troublesome problems that make the medicine intolerable. This surprising effect mostly accounts for the genetic variability of each individual, in which regulated mechanisms can be slightly or dramatically different.
Another aspect comes from the problem of drug interaction.
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